Wednesday, 16 November 2016

Job Role

Editor

I would like to apply for an Editor job roIe because I feel this role would suit me the best as I have passion for Video Editing. I've been video-editing since the age of 12. I have all sort of video-editing software at home which you can't access at college such as Sony Vegas Pro, Adobe After Effects, CINEMA 4D and Boujou. These software are huge essential when it come to making a music video. 

I have experience editing videos for multiple clients (YouTubers) including one client who has over 100k subscribers. I started YouTube back in April and now I currently have over 1k subscribers. Many people has offer to pay me to edit their videos but I declined most of them because I don't have time to edit their videos as I'm busy due to College.


As I like to watch tutorials to learn on various effects, I learnt how to do Motion track w/ realistic reflective 3D text (similar to Ident), Twitch (RGB Split), Nightcrawler Teleport, Shake Effect, Text Animation, Smooth Transitions and many more creative effects you won't able to do on Final Cut Pro to make your music video noticeable and unique. Due to my knowledge of video editing software, I personally think Final Cut Pro X is limited for someone with extraordinary creativity. As I have all of these editing software, I believe that with your vision and my editing skills, we can create a music video that stand out from the rest.

Task C: Chroma Key & Effects (iii)

Chroma key is a special effect and post-production technique for combining two images/videos or more together. This technique is heavily used in many different fields of media such as news casting, film, television, music videos, video games. They are used to remove a background from the subject of a photo or video. They are used for performance in different location.
Chroma keying can be done with backgrounds of any colour but I recommend using the colour green which is the most common colour for Chroma keying. We use the colour green because it is a less common clothing colour, meaning it's less likely to make part of your body to disappear with the green screen. Wearing green clothing with green screen behind won't be exactly a good idea. Green is also used often because it's easiest for most modern cameras to pick up, make it easier for the video-editor. White is a bad colour to use as it's common clothing and eyes. Same go to the colour black, which include hair. Both of these colours play a strong role in lighting and shadowing, which is also another reason for you to avoid these colours. Red is another bad colour because it's seen in our lips and mouth. To select a good colour aside from green and blue, pick one colour that's not going to be found on anything else in the shot.

Green screen is used to add effect to videos. It’s used to focus on the performance of Artists. Artists don’t want their music videos to look boring, they want the music video to catch the audience's attention. Artists may use green screen and effects for their music videos to create a sense of hyper-reality. As hyper-reality music videos can appeal to their target audience and make their music video successful. Most hyper-reality music videos are usually unusual and creative. It's also can be original and unique. This style of music video usually help the artist create bigger fan-base and generate revenue. It also allow to portray these artists as creative, artistic, dynamic, original or weird etc. Green screen could be use for  sense of hyper-reality, to reflect the lyric, to focus on the artist/performance or to represent emotions etc.

We use green screen because it's cheaper and it allow us to be creative and unique. It also allow us to get to the location we can't normally get to. VFX have their own award as they are now conventional in music videos. We should use filters to blend the subject into the background so it would look realistic and not fake. Usually when green screen is over-used, it doesn't have a purpose.



David Hasselhoff - Hooked on a Feeling is an good example of an bad chroma key. You could tell it was bad, the subject did not blend with the background at all, there was some scene that were cringe and laughable as if it was a comedy film. At 0:51, when he catches a cube you could clearly see fake and unconvincing it was, then the next scene he started flying as if he got some supernatural power.

There was another scene where he was standing on top of a moving motorbike like it was nothing, droving past a monster and started to fly. At 1:56, the way he was flying was not believable at all. It look like he just bending over with his arms out. The overall of this music video was obviously not convincing, to make the video better they would have to use filters to blend the subject into the background to make it more convincing.

However, bad use of green screen can make the video go viral as it will be enjoyable to watch. The video has over 12 million views, 34 thousands likes and only 3 thousands dislikes, this show many people have enjoyed watching this music video. This generated a lot of revenue.



Labrinth - Earthquake ft. Tinie Tempah is an good example of an good chroma key. This music video has used green screen to make the artist the centre of attention. The green screen helps create a sense of hyper-reality. Music videos with good chroma key bring power to the beat which will engages with the audience more. When he says "I predict an earthquake up in here", the room/screen shakes along with visual sound waves with a touch of his hands or feet, the green screen has given the artist the control of his music as he has control of everything he does in this music video. This created link between the lyric and visuals and also music and visuals.

The green screen can make the audience think they are in another world with the artist. The music video has over 79 million views, 350 thousand likes and 10 thousand dislikes. This also show many viewers were entertained by this video and they decided share to their friends. As it was hyper-reality music videos, there's likely a chance that the music video will be successful or viral or both. Most hyper-reality music videos are usually unusual and creative like this one. This style of music video usually help the artist create bigger fan-base and generate revenue. This has helped them generate revenue.

Chroma Key Guide



This is a footage I kept from last year when I did a practice music video. Once you have filmed the footage with the green screen and you got what you wanted, you can now begin to edit your video which would be entering post-production. In order to remove the background (green screen) from the subject of the video, you'll need editing software such as Final Cut Pro, Premiere Pro, After Effects, Sony Vegas etc. So you can get to use this Chroma key plugin which could be called different depending on what software you use, for example, 'Chroma Keyer, Keylight 1.4, Ultra Key' etc. On Final Cut Pro, it's called 'Keyer'.



After importing your footage and placing it on the timeline, you'll need to go to the Effects library and search for Keyer. Once you found Keyer, you'll need to apply the effect to the footage. After you've applied it, you will noticed that the green screen have been removed and the background is now black. This mean you can now look for clips online that could be used as a background or you can record that footage yourself as well. Once you've found the footage you want to use as a background, you have to import it to Final Cut Pro and drag and place it under the footage which background you already removed.



This is the final outcome, I decided to use a white backdrop as my background because it's the perfect foundation for showcasing your creativity. It focus the viewer's attention on the artist as it will prevent visual distractions. We can use the space for other things such as visual effects or text etc. I also replace the original audio that came with the footage and swapped it with the soundtrack as it's much better sound quality.

Wednesday, 9 November 2016

Task C: Camera Movements and Angles (ii)

There are many different types of camera movements and angles when making a music video, all of camera movements and angles are used to show or reflect the meaning/importance to the audience when they're watching the music video. These include many shot types such as Tilt, Track away, Dolly in, Canted/Dutch Angle, Crash Zoom and many more etc.

Tilt

Tilt is very similar to Pan but less common to use as we humans look left and right more often than we look up and down. Tilting is a vertical camera movement, it's when you move the camera lens up or down while keeping its horizontal axis constant. For example, nodding your head up and down is tilting. This shot could be used to show the whole subject from top to bottom or bottom to top in one shot, usually the subject will be the artist as it will sell the artist and help develop their image. You could also use tilt to show how high something is. For example, a slow tilt up a Giant Sequoia tree shows its grandness and enormity.

In able to do the Tilt shot, you will need to place the camera on a tripod, start on a still shot then begin the tilt with the tripod slowly up or down or both and then finish on a still shot.


The Weeknd - False Alarm (Tilt, Pan and Handheld was all used in this music video as first person perspective/POV)



Arc

Arc is a type of camera movement where the camera is moving around the subject in full circle or semi circle. In able to do this, you will need the camera operator to move the camera around the subject while the subject remain in the middle. The purpose of this camera movement is to show the world that revolves around the artist. This camera movement also put artist in the superior position as us audience are the ones who meant to be inspired by them. 


To do the arc shot, you'll need the subject to stay in middle of an certain area and then you'll need to walk and film around the artist either full circle or semi-circle, it'll be better if you place your tripod on a dolly and then move around the subject.


Track away

Track away is another camera movement which is when the camera is moving away from the sub while the subject is coming toward to the camera. Using this camera movement will allow you have more freedom rather than just staying still which is very generic and common for an music videos. This effect of this movement is similar to Low angle, Track away can creates the effect as if the camera operator is running away from the artist which make them look powerful, aggressive and dominant.

Track away is done by putting the camera on a dolly and then wheeling it away from the artist as they walk towards the camera.

Dolly in

Dolly in is when the camera is slowly zooming steadily into the subject, this can be done either when you have a camera placed on a dolly and pushing it towards the subject without changing the zoom or can be done using zoom. But using the zoom will change the length of the lens which can introduce wide-angle distortion etc. So it's more preferable to dolly than zoom. This camera movement is used to show importance as the subject will become bigger as the camera moves closer. It can also can be used for dramatic effect.

Some people may used Dolly in to follow an object smoothly to get a unique perspective. Some directors combine the dolly and a zoom shot for a real sense of doom. To do this, the camera lens zooms into the subject at the same time as the camera physically dollies out, and the person in the shot remains the same size, but the background appears to move. It's difficult to master smoothly, but done right, the shot conveys a real sense of tension and feeling of vertigo.


Majid Jordan - Something About You (Arc, Track away, Dolly in were all used in this music video)



Majid Jordan - Small Talk (Dolly out and Zoom were used at the same time which create unique perspective, at 0:48)



Low Angle

Low angle shot are shots that shows the subject from below, which give them the impression of being more powerful or dominant. It's an opposite of high angle shot. To do this angle shot, you put the camera below the artist and aim the camera pointing up at them. This gives the effect to the audience as it show power and intimidation, it's often used to makes the subject look strong and powerful as the angle make them look bigger. This shot angle is very common in hip-hop genre's music videos.

N.W.A - Straight Outta Compton (Track away was also used)



High Angle

High angle shot are shots that is filmed above the subject, similar to Birds eye view but not so extreme. Also similar to Low angle but the opposite. To able to achieve this shot angle, angled down the camera towards the subject or you could use a crane and elevate the camera above the action/subject.

As high angles make the subject seem smaller, it has the effect of making the subject appear less powerful or less significant. It also used to show weakness or vulnerability of the subject. But in most music videos, the high angle shot are used for other effect, to make the overall music video look more stylish and artistic.

Kendrick Lamar - Alright (High Angle @ 3:18)



Canted or Dutch Angle

Canted/Dutch angle is an camera angle that is purposely slanted to one side. This help creates an interesting and dramatic effects. In order to do Canted/Dutch angle, you must ensure the camera alone or the tripod in which it is placed is tilted to one side.

Crash Zoom

Crash zoom is another camera movement, this is when the camera moves at a fast rate towards the artist or another subject that is something crucial in a shot such as reaction or something that is important for the audience to know when they're watching. In order to do this camera movement, you will need to zoom in fast rapidly and abruptly into whatever you want such as your subject and their reaction etc. It can also be used to create an atmosphere of claustrophobia because the zoom may make the audience feel trapped in a small confined room.

The Weeknd - In The Night



Birds eye view

Birds eye view is when the shot is filled from directly above, this shot allow us audience to view of an object from above as if we were a birds hence the word Birds eye view. This shot is similar to high angle but more extreme, this shot angle put us audience in a godlike position, looking down on the action. In order to get birds eye view, it can either be done by getting on a higher ground such as buildings or by a radio-controlled drone which help carry the camera above the target and film. This type of shot angle could be used as a scene-setting, establishing shot etc.

PARTYNEXTDOOR - Break From Toronto (Handheld was also used) (Birds eye view was used as intro/first shot)



Handheld
Handheld is when you hold the camera without tripod, monopod or other devices you use to hold the camera. It's used to create an amateur shaking effect which is simply done by holding the camera and filming also while moving. The purpose of it is to create an atmosphere of an edgy realism although the camera shakiness can suggest unsteadiness and chaos as the character is being seen in distress. Using handheld will also allow you greater freedom of motion while filming.

In able to do this is basically not to use any camera-holding devices and just use your hand to hold the camera.


PARTYNEXTDOOR - Recognize ft. Drake (Handheld was used as VHS camera)



Wednesday, 2 November 2016

Task C: Beat Editing and Lip-syncing (i)

I will be explaining why beat-editing and lip-syncing is one of the most important significant editing techniques. Editing techniques are used to today to help promote the artists music so that the audience is more drawn to them. Techniques shows the audience what kind of artist they are, they are a way to produce a music video to make it look interesting and gained more audience and revenue. Techniques such as Cutting to the beat and Miming/Lip-syncing. They are very important when it comes to music videos, it allow to promote the song and the artist. Without it, the audience won't able to visualize the song. Keep in mind that you can't use beat-editing if you don't have enough shot. For the music video to go viral, the editing will need to be high quality.

Location beat editing:



Summer Music Video (Calvin & Maya):



For my summer music video which Maya and I produces as group as two for a two weeks transition period. As we was ask to do a music video, we chose to do Majid Jordan- Every Step Every Way. In our music video there was some techniques we use such as lip syncing which is very conventional in music videos, by doing this it shows a style of performance. We also had some choreography in it as we can see the artist dancing in the music video. We also had some elements of abstract in it which is creative but hyper-realism (not realistic). As I edited this music video, I am very familiar with beat editing as you can see we had beat editing. You can see flashes on the artists and other objects such as the text (title of the song) and abstract objects etc. You could see they were syncing with the beat (e.g 0:00 to 0:03, 0:13 to 0:18). Another example of beat editing, at 0:32, as this beat drop is very significant, I had two abstract blob crashes into together and the artist suddenly appeared out of smoke syncing on the beat drop. Not using the cutting-to-beat/beat editing technique on significant beats could prevent the audience to visualize the song, which could lead the song and the artist not getting promoted.

After watching our music video, there was some things that we both could improve or add to make the music video better and professional standard. For example, the camera focus could been better as it was a bit blurry. We didn't use pull focus at the time, now we know what the outcome will be like and why we should use pull focus. Also we could have use more shot which made us limited for our editing, which is important to have loads of shot in order to be creative with our beat editing, there was some shots I didn't like (0:14) but we had to use it because we didn't have other shots of the lyric verse at 0:14. We can't not use this editing technique if we don't have enough shot, luckily it managed to come out good.


i) Cutting to the beat (beat editing)

Cutting the beat involves the soundtrack and the music video. Most music videos you'll notice the scene cuts to a different scene on a certain beat. This editing technique can help the audience get the feeling of the song as it help us to visualise the mood and pace of the song. This techniques is commonly used in the music industry. We can't not use this editing technique if we don't have enough shot.

Purpose of Cutting to the beat


The purpose of beat editing is to engage with the audience. Having a one long take/cut could easily make the audience bored and you could lose audience and revenue from this. Beat editing lead audiences/viewers into paying attention to the music video as the visuals will interpret with the music. Usually cutting to the beat is used when you can hear significant beats (beat drops etc.) it may change to a different location or change of camera shot or angle/movement. Having many different shot types and angles will help the audience visualise the mood and pace of the song which make the music video go viral due to its high quality of editing.

I have used beat editing in my summer music video, I'm glad I used beat editing because I believe it made the video much better. If there weren't any beat-editing or I didn't sync on significant beats, this music video would have been boring. Beat editing help creates a sense of hyper-reality and a dynamic visual style.

ii) Lip-syncing/Miming

Lip-syncing is when an artist or singer move their lips silently or pretend in synchronisation with a pre-recorded soundtrack being played. Miming
 is when using gesture and movement to act out a role or play, miming is how you create lip syncingMost artists/singers usually lip-sync to their songs in their music videos. When editing an music video, if the artist's lips in the footage move faster than the soundtrack, the slow-motion effect is highly recommended so the artist's lip-syncing can look very accurate to the soundtrack. We use it because it gives the allusion that the artist is singing. This technique is used on the majority of music videos.

Easier ways to lip-sync is is to memorize the lyric, artists should able to know their own lyrics as they wrote it. You can easily find lyrics online if you can't make out the precise words. Knowing the lyrics by heart can make the lip syncing look good.

Purpose of Lip-syncing/Miming

The purpose of Lip-syncing is to create a sense of realism of the performance as the audience watching the music video will feel like the artist is singing/rapping(performing) to them. Lip syncing help sells the realism of the performance, this can add more feeling to the music video as it will seems believable. This can be used to sell tickets as fans will want to attend that artist's concert, this will help artists make more money and also for their record label as well. Lip-syncing can be genuine as it make the artist look like they're actually performing and make it part of their image.

In my summer music video, I feel it was less convincing that I was singing the soundtrack as I wasn't the singer and I don't know the song like the artist of the soundtrack we use. Next time we make a music video, it would be better if we get the original artist of the song so it will be more convincing because they know the song well and the meaning and how it should be perform. 

Beat Editing Task (w/ Lip Syncing @ 0:28s)
Without beat editing:



With beat editing:



You can see there is a massive difference between these two videos, the first video didn't really contain beat editing that much which made it boring for the audience to watch. Although the lip-syncing at 0:28 was good and quite convincing but I still believe the music video was not good enough due to lack of beat editing especially on significant beats. Moving onto the second video, which beat editing was used effectively and made the video much better as it will engage with audience and keep them entertained. The quicker the cuts, the more the audience will have to pay attention to the video as the visual is interpreting with the music. This type of music videos will usually go viral.